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Nonmetric Cranial Trait Variation and Population History of Medieval East Slavic Tribes (2013)
Alla A. Movsesian*
Department of Anthropology, Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russian Federation 119234



In this study, the frequency of 32 nonmetric traits was examined in 994 adult crania from different cemeteries and burial mounds. The samples used belong to the medieval East Slavic tribes, which were reported in the 12th century Russian chronicle “Tale of Bygone Years” (The Russian Primary Chronicle, 2012). The boundaries of their settlement are well delineated on the basis of material culture (Sedov, 1982). They are as follows: (1) Vyatichs, inhabiting the basin of the Upper and Middle Oka (in modern Moscow, Kaluga, Orel, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tula, and Lipetsk regions; (2) Krivichs, inhabiting the upper reaches of the Western Dvina, Dnieper, and Volga; (3) Polanes, who settled along the middle reaches of the Dnieper, on its right bank; (4) Severians, inhabiting the territory of modern Chernigov, Bryansk, Kursk, and Belgorod regions; (5) Dregovichs, inhabiting Gomel, Brest, Grodno, and Minsk regions of modern Belarus; (6) Radimichs, who lived in the area between the upper Dnieper and Desna in the Gomel and Mogilev regions of Belarus; and (7) Novgorod Slovenians, who occupied the
basin of Lake Ilmen, the regions of modern Sankt-Petersburg, and Novgorod.



In addition to the East Slavic tribes described above, comparative samples representing the western and eastern neighbors of the East Slavs are included in
this study. They consist of Baltic tribes, who speak the Baltic languages, and Finno-Ugric tribes, whose languages belong to the Finno-Ugric language family. The Balts are represented by the following: (1) the Latgalians, an eastern Baltic tribe who settled east of modern Latvia in the 6th–7th centuries AD and were ancestors of the Latvians; and (2) the Leto-Lithuanians, a second eastern Baltic tribe who inhabited the southeastern part of modern Lithuania and northwestern part of modern Belarus in the Middle Ages and were ancestors of the Lithuanians. Finno-Ugric tribes are presented by (1) the Aesti, the ancestors of Estonians, belonging to the Baltic Finns, and (2) old Mordvins, belonging to the Volga Finns, who inhabited the area between Moscow and the Volga River during the 1 st millennium AD


This study also includes the samples of the Chernyakhov culture from North Ukraine, South Ukraine, and the Moldova regions (2nd –5th centuries AD). The geographical location of tribes is given in Figure 2.


Вся статья : https://www.dropbox....s_Movsesian.pdf